Imboni yokubeka iliso yoKhuseleko kukukhula koqoqosho lwaseTshayina, imigaqo-nkqubo yelizwe ukukhuthaza ishishini lokuphuma kwelanga, kuphuhliso lwamandla amatsha, ukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, ishishini elibalulekileyo lobuchule, kodwa nolwakhiwo lokhuseleko loluntu kunye nenkqubo yolawulo. Ngokutsho "kweshishini lokhuseleko laseTshayina" i-13 "isicwangciso sophuhliso" se-Five sichaza ukuba ngo-2020 imboni yokubeka iliso yokhuseleko yase-China iya kufikelela ngaphezu kwe-yuan ye-50 yeebhiliyoni. Okwangoku, ibhetri yelithium yokubeka iliso kukhuseleko lwasekhaya iye yamkelwa ngamashishini amaninzi asekhaya kwiinkalo ezinxulumeneyo. Ngokutsho kwedatha echaphazelekayo, i-2015 ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ukuthunyelwa okupheleleyo kwemboniselo yokhuseleko lwasekhaya i-lithium ibhetri malunga ne-160 yezigidi, i-2018 kulindeleke ukuba ithumele malunga ne-160 yezigidi. Ngokutsho kweForesight Industry Research Institute ukubonelela ngedatha yoshishino olusezantsi lubonisa ukuba ishishini lokubeka esweni ukhuseleko njengekhonkco loshishino lonke kushishino olukhula kakhulu, ngenxa yeempawu zalo zoshishino kunye neempawu zemfuno yoshishino ezantsi kukho umahluko othile, ngoko ke indawo yoshishino yexesha elizayo. inkulu.
Njengeyona nto isetyenziswa kakhulu kwishishini lokubeka iliso lokhuseleko, ibhetri ye-lithium, izicelo zayo zigubungela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zebhetri, ezifana neebhetri zesibini ze-lithium-ion kunye neebhetri ze-lithium-ion tertiary. Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ezisetyenziswa kushishino lokhuseleko ngokuqhelekileyo yi-electrolyte eyomeleleyo (i-electrolyte), kunye ne-electrolyte eqinileyo kwinkqubo yokuvelisa inokohlulwa ibe ziindidi ezimbini zokubeka umphunga wekhemikhali kunye nendlela ye-electrodialysis. Indlela yokubeka umphunga wemichiza yinkqubo apho i-electrolyte eqinileyo kufuneka ilungiswe (efana nesilicon dioxide, i-lead dioxide) ixutywe nezinto ezisekelwe kwi-iron oxide endaweni ye-manganese oxide okanye i-aluminium oxide, emva koko ifilimu ebhityileyo ifunyenwe nge-electrolyte. ukusabela njenge-anode ephilayo. Inzuzo ephambili yindleko ephantsi kunye nobomi bomjikelezo omde; ukungahambi kakuhle kukuba ukusetyenziswa kufuneka kuxutywe ngokudibanisa ii-reagents ezincedisayo (ezifana ne-plasticizers) kwii-additives, ezixabisa kakhulu; kwaye ukuba akukho zixhobo ezincedisayo zongezwa, ubuninzi beegesi ezinobuthi (i-formaldehyde, i-carbon dioxide) ziya kuveliswa ngexesha lokusetyenziswa; ukongeza, ayinakuphinda isetyenziswe kwaye ayinakusetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo. Ukusuka kwindlela yophuhliso, ukusetyenziswa kwayo njengento yokugcina amandla ifumana ingqalelo ngakumbi.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uphuhliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kweiibhetri ze-lithium-ionziye zaba zezona ziqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni kusekho iingxaki ezininzi ngeebhetri ze-lithium-ion, ezifana nokusebenza okungazinzanga, ubomi obufutshane kunye nokhuseleko oluphantsi, kuyimfuneko ukukhawulezisa isantya sophando kunye nophuhliso lokufunda nokusombulula ezi ngxaki. Ngokwezibikezelo, ngo-2020, ukuthengiswa kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha eTshayina kulindeleke ukuba kufikelele kwiiyunithi ezingama-200,000. Phakathi kwabo, ubungakanani bemarike yeebhetri ze-lithium-ion kwiimoto ezihlakaniphile ziya kufikelela ngaphezu kwe-3.6 yebhiliyoni ye-yuan.
Okwangoku, izinto eziphambili ezintle kunye nezingalunganga ezisetyenziswa kwiibhetri ze-lithium-ion zezi: 1. I-NCM622 / 623: Ngaphantsi kwexabiso eliphantsi, i-NCM522 isetyenziswe njenge-anode, enokufumana indawo ephezulu ephezulu, kunye neenzuzo ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwe-electrochemical, ukhuseleko oluhle kunye nobomi bomjikelezo omde; 2. I-GaN-based: Izinto eziphathekayo ngokwazo zineempawu ezintle zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali, kubandakanywa ukuxhathisa ukubola, ixabiso eliphantsi, ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nezinye izinto ezingalunganga ukuhlangabezana ne-electrode engalunganga yebhetri ifanelekile kwi-lithium ion xa ibonisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokhuseleko. Ngophuhliso lwesayensi kunye neteknoloji, kuye kwavela izinto ezininzi zesizukulwana esitsha, ezifana nezixhobo ze-ternary. Okwangoku, kukho i-ternary njenge-electrode engalunganga yePack lithium iibhetri kwimarike, ukhuseleko lwayo kunye noxinzelelo lwamandla luhamba phambili kwihlabathi, kunye neendleko eziphantsi, zingasetyenziswa kwi-electronics yabathengi. Ikamva lisaza kujongana nemingeni malunga nokhuseleko kunye nolawulo lomgangatho.
Ukusuka kumbono wobugcisa, ngokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kweiibhetri ze-lithiumkwintsimi yokhuseleko, yonke imboni yebhetri ye-lithium ibonakaliswe yimiqobo ephezulu yezobugcisa, izithintelo eziphezulu ze-patent kunye nokuxinwa kwemarike ephantsi. Ngokutsho kwedatha yeengxelo zesiqingatha zonyaka zamashishini e-lithium-ion zibonisa ukuba ngo-2017, imveliso yebhetri ye-lithium-ion yaseChina kunye nokuthengisa kudlule iiyure zebhiliyoni ze-watt. Phakathi kwabo, iinkampani ze-16 zasekhaya ze-lithium-ion zikhokela ishishini; iinkampani zangaphandle zebhetri ze-lithium ezibandakanya iinkampani ze-SMC, i-FPC kunye ne-NCA. Ngokukodwa, kukho iinkampani ezintandathu kwintsimi yeemveliso zokhuseleko isabelo semarike ngaphezu kwe-10%, apho isabelo semarike ye-Skywing Intelligence yafikelela kwi-14.5%, i-CASS Technology, ibhetri ye-Lixin kunye nesabelo semarike ye-Zhongying Electronics ye-9.5%, 7.7% kunye ne-5.2 %, ngokulandelelanayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-28-2022