UMntla Merika yindawo yesithathu enkulu yentengiso yeemoto emhlabeni emva kweAsia neYurophu. Ukufakwa kombane kwiimoto kule marike nako kuyakhula.
Kwicala lomgaqo-nkqubo, ngo-2021, abaphathi beBiden bacebise ukutyala imali ye-174 yeebhiliyoni zeedola kuphuhliso lwezithuthi zombane. Kuloo nto, i-15 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi yenzelwe iziseko ezingundoqo, i-45 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi kwiinkxaso-mali ezahlukeneyo zezithuthi kunye ne-14 leebhiliyoni zeerandi zenkuthazo kwiimodeli ezithile zombane. Ngo-Agasti olandelayo, abaphathi be-Biden batyikitye umyalelo olawulayo othi iipesenti ezingama-50 zeemoto zase-US zibe ngumbane ngo-2030.
Ekugqibeleni, i-tesla, i-GM, i-Ford, i-Volkswagen, i-Daimler, i-Stellantis, i-Toyota, i-Honda, i-Rivian kunye nezinye iinkampani zemoto zemveli kunye nentsha zamandla ziye zacebisa izicwangciso zokufakelwa kombane. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ngokwenjongo yeqhinga lokufakelwa kombane, umthamo wokuthengisa wezithuthi zombane ezintsha kwiimarike zase-US kuphela kulindeleke ukuba ufikelele kwi-5.5 yezigidi nge-2025, kwaye imfuno yeebhetri zamandla ingadlula i-300GWh.
Akukho mathandabuzo ukuba iinkampani ezinkulu zeemoto zehlabathi ziya kujonga kakhulu imakethi yaseMntla Melika, intengiso yeebhetri zamandla kule minyaka imbalwa izayo nayo iya “kwenyuka”.
Nangona kunjalo, imakethi ayikavelisi umdlali webhetri wasekhaya onokukhuphisana nabadlali ababalaseleyo baseAsia. Ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yokukhawulezisa ukufakelwa kombane kwiimoto zaseMntla Melika, iinkampani zebhetri zamandla ezivela eTshayina, eJapan naseSouth Korea zigxile kwimakethi yaseMntla Melika kulo nyaka.
Ngokukodwa, iinkampani zebhetri zaseKorea kunye neKorea ezibandakanya i-LG New Energy, i-Panasonic Battery, i-SK ON, kunye ne-Samsung SDI igxile eMntla Melika kutyalo-mali lwexesha elizayo kwi-2022.
Kungekudala, iinkampani zaseTshayina ezifana neNingde Times, Vision Power kunye neGuoxuan High-tech zidwelise ukwakhiwa kwezityalo zebhetri zamandla eMntla Melika kwishedyuli yazo.
Ngokweengxelo zeendaba zangaphandle, i-Ningde Times icwangcise ukutyala i-5 yeebhiliyoni zeebhiliyoni ukwakha isityalo sebhetri yamandla eMntla Melika, kunye nomthamo ojoliswe kuwo we-80GWh, ukuxhasa abathengi kwimarike yaseMntla yaseMelika njengeTesla. Ngexesha elifanayo, isityalo siya kuhlangabezana nemfuno yeebhetri ze-lithium kwimarike yokugcina amandla eNyakatho Melika.
Kwinyanga ephelileyo, ixesha Ningde ekwamkeleni uphando lwenkqubo, wathi inkampani kunye nomthengi ukuxoxa ezahlukeneyo unikezelo kunye nentsebenziswano scheme, kwakunye nokwenzeka imveliso yasekhaya, "ukongeza, inkampani eUnited States yokugcina amandla abathengi bafuna. unikezelo lwasekhaya, inkampani iya kuthathela ingqalelo izinto ezinje ngomthamo webhetri, imfuno yabathengi, iindleko zemveliso zimiselwe kwakhona. "
Okwangoku, i-Panasonic Battery, i-LG New Energy, i-SK ON kunye ne-Samsung SDI evela eJapan kunye noMzantsi Korea baqhubeka bekhulisa utyalo-mali lwabo lwezityalo eNyakatho Melika, kwaye bamkele indlela "yokudibanisa" kunye neenkampani zeemoto zasekhaya e-United States. Kumashishini aseTshayina, ukuba angena emva kwexesha, ngokuqinisekileyo aya kuphulukana nenxalenye yeenzuzo zawo.
Ukongeza kwiNingde Times, iGuoxuan High-tech ifikelele kwintsebenziswano nabathengi kwaye ijonge ukwakha iifektri eMntla Melika. NgoDisemba wonyaka ophelileyo, uGuoxuan Won iodolo evela kwinkampani yeCAR edwelisiweyo eUnited States ukubonelela inkampani ubuncinci be-200GWh yeebhetri zamandla kule minyaka mithandathu izayo. Ngokutsho kweGuoxuan, iinkampani ezimbini ziceba ukuvelisa kunye nokubonelela ngeebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate kwindawo yase-United States kunye nokuhlola ngokudibeneyo ukuba nokwenzeka kokubambisana kwixesha elizayo.
Ngokungafaniyo nezinye ezimbini, ezisaqwalaselwa kuMntla Merika, iVision Power sele igqibe ekubeni kwakhiwe iplanti yebhetri yesibini eMelika. I-Vision Power ingene kubuhlakani kunye neMercedes-Benz ukubonelela ngeebhetri zombane ze-EQS kunye ne-EQE, isizukulwana esilandelayo seemodeli zeSUV zombane ezisulungekileyo zeMercedes. I-Vision Dynamics ithe iya kwakha iplanti entsha yedijithali zero-carbon amandla ebhetri eUnited States ukuba iceba ukuvelisa ngobuninzi ngo-2025. Oku kuya kuba ngumbono wesityalo sebhetri sesibini saMandla eUnited States.
Ngokusekwe kuqikelelo lwemfuneko yexesha elizayo yamandla kunye neebhetri zokugcina amandla, umthamo ocwangcisiweyo weebhetri kwimarike yasekhaya yase China udlule kwi-3000GWh ngoku, kwaye amashishini ebhetri asekhaya nakwamanye amazwe eYurophu akhule ngokukhawuleza, kwaye okucwangcisiweyo. Umthamo weebhetri nawo ugqithile kwi-1000GWh. Ngokwentelekiso, imakethi yaseMntla Melika isekwinqanaba lokuqala loyilo. Zimbalwa iinkampani zebhetri ezivela eJapan naseSouth Korea zenze izicwangciso ezisebenzayo. Kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo, kulindeleke ukuba iinkampani ezininzi zeebhetri ezivela kweminye imimandla kunye neenkampani zebhetri zasekhaya ziya kuhlala ngokuthe ngcembe.
Ngokukhawuleza kokufakelwa kombane kwimakethi yaseMntla Melika ziinkampani zemoto zasekhaya nezangaphandle, uphuhliso lwamandla kunye nebhetri yokugcina amandla kwimarike yaseMntla Melika nayo iya kungena kwindlela ekhawulezayo. Kwangaxeshanye, kuqwalaselwe iimpawu zentengiso yemoto yaseMntla Melika, kulindeleke ukuba amashishini ebhetri abonise ezi mpawu zilandelayo xa eseka iifektri eMntla Melika.
Okokuqala, iya kuba ngumkhwa kumashishini ebhetri ukusebenzisana namashishini eemoto aseMntla Melika.
Ukusuka kwindawo yokumisa iifektri zebhetri kuMntla Melika, i-panasonic kunye ne-tesla joint venture, amandla amatsha kunye neemotor jikelele, i-LG Stellantis joint venture, i-SK kwi-joint venture kunye ne-ford, umbono wexesha elizayo wamandla isityalo sesibini eMntla Melika nazo. kulindeleke ukuba ikakhulu ukuxhasa mercedes-benz, Ningde era North American izityalo yi tesla prophase umthengi oyintloko kulindeleke, Ukuba Guoxuan useka umzi-mveliso kuMntla Melika, plant yayo yokuqala kulindeleke ukuba ikakhulu ukukhonza iinkampani zayo zemoto ikhontrakthi.
Imakethi yemoto yaseMntla Melika ikhulile ngokwentelekiso, kwaye isabelo sentengiso yeenkampani ezinkulu zeemoto sicacile, nto leyo ibeka imiceli mngeni emikhulu kumashishini ebhetri angaphandle ekusekweni kweefektri kunye nokusebenzisana nabathengi. Kulo lonke unxweme lwangoku abavelisi beebhetri baseAsia, ngabokuqala ukugqibezela abathengi abasebenzisanayo, kwaye emva koko bakhe iifektri ngokudibeneyo.
2. Kukho izinto ezininzi ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngendawo oza kuyo umzi-mveliso, kuquka iUnited States, iKhanada neMexico.
I-LG Amandla amatsha, i-Panasonic Battery, i-SK ON kunye ne-Samsung SDI baye bakhetha ukwakha izityalo e-US I-United States iyona ntengiso iphambili yeemoto zaseMntla Melika, kodwa ngokuqwalasela impembelelo yoqeqesho lwabasebenzi, ukusebenza kakuhle, imibutho yabasebenzi kunye nezinye izinto kumgangatho kunye nomgangatho kunye nomgangatho womsebenzi. iindleko, iinkampani zebhetri ezingekaqini ubukho kwimarike yaseMntla Melika nazo ziya kuthathela ingqalelo amazwe akhuphisanayo ngokwemiqathango yabasebenzi, iplanti kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Ngokomzekelo, iNingde Times ngaphambili yatyhila ukuba kuya kubeka kwindawo yokuqala ukwakhiwa komzi-mveliso eMexico. "Kufanelekile ukwakha umzi-mveliso eMexico okanye eCanada; Indlela yokuzisa imveliso egqithisileyo evela eTshayina ukuya phesheya kolwandle kusenzima kancinci." Kakade ke, iUnited States ikwacingelwa ngesi sityalo sitsha.
Kulo nyaka, i-LG New Energy kunye ne-Stellantis 'ekuMntla waseMelika kwishishini elidibeneyo lakhiwe e-Ontario, eCanada. Lo mzi-mveliso udityanisiweyo uza kuvelisa iibhetri zombane kwimizi-mveliso yokuhlanganisa izithuthi yeQela laseStellantis eMelika, eKhanada naseMexico.
Iii. Umgca wokuvelisa i-lithium iron phosphate uya kusungulwa ngobuninzi, kwaye iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate kwimarike yaseMntla Melika nazo kulindeleke ukuba zikhuphisane neeseli ze-nickel ternary kwixesha elizayo.
Ngokutsho kweBattery China, i-LG New Energy, i-Panasonic Battery, i-SK ON, Amandla ombono kunye nezinye iintambo zokuvelisa ibhetri zamandla kwimarike yaseMntla Merika ubukhulu becala ziibhetri ze-nickel ternary eziphezulu, ekuqhubekeka kunye nokuphindaphinda umgca webhetri we-ternary oye wagcinwa. iqhutyelwe ziinkampani zebhetri zaphesheya.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokuthatha inxaxheba kweenkampani zaseTshayina kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwezoqoqosho kwiinkampani zeemoto zamazwe ngamazwe, amandla okuvelisa i-lithium iron phosphate iya kwandiswa ngokuthe ngcembe kwiiprojekthi zebhetri entsha eMntla Melika.
UTesla wayekhe wacinga ngokuzisa iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate eMntla Melika. Imithombo yathi ngamaxesha e-ningde isityalo esitsha saseMntla Melika sivelisa ngakumbi iibhetri ze-ternary kunye neebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate, kuquka iTesla.
I-Guoxuan High-tech yafumana imiyalelo kwinkampani yemoto edwelisiweyo e-United States, kuxelwe ukuba nazo ziyi-odolo zebhetri ye-lithium ye-iron phosphate, kunye nonikezelo lwalo lwasekhaya lweemveliso zamandla kwixesha elizayo nazo ziqikelelwa ukuba ziyi-lithium iron phosphate iibhetri.
Iinkampani zeemoto, ezibandakanya iTesla, iFord, iVolkswagen, iRivian, iHyundai kunye nabanye abadlali abaphambili kwimarike yaseMntla Melika, zandisa ukusetyenziswa kweebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate.
Kuyafaneleka ukukhankanya ukuba kwiminyaka yakutshanje, thina iiprojekthi zokugcina amandla ziye zaqala ukwazisa iimveliso ze-lithium iron phosphate ezivela kumashishini ebhetri aseTshayina ngobuninzi. Uphuhliso lulonke lwezikhululo zamandla okugcina amandla kuMntla Melika lukhulile ngokwentelekiso, kwaye imfuno yeebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate ikhula ngokukhawuleza, ebeka isiseko esihle sokusetyenziswa kwexesha elizayo kweebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-24-2022