Ukuqhutywa ngumgaqo-nkqubo "wekhabhoni ephindwe kabini" ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni, isakhiwo sokuvelisa amandla esizwe siya kubona utshintsho olubalulekileyo. Emva kowama-2030, ngokuphuculwa kweziseko ezingundoqo zokugcina amandla kunye nezinye izixhobo ezixhasayo, i-China kulindeleke ukuba igqibezele utshintsho ukusuka kumbane osekelwe kwifosili ukuya kumbane omtsha osekelwe kumandla ngowama-2060, kunye nomlinganiselo wokuvelisa amandla amatsha afikelele ngaphezu kwama-80%.
Umgaqo-nkqubo "wekhabhoni ephindwe kabini" uya kuqhuba ipateni yemathiriyeli yokuvelisa amandla eTshayina ukusuka kumandla efosili ukuya kumandla amatsha ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ngo-2060, ukuveliswa kwamandla eTshayina kuya kubalelwa ngaphezulu kwe-80%.
Kwangaxeshanye, ukusombulula ingxaki yoxinzelelo "olungazinzanga" oluziswe ludibaniso olukhulu lwegridi kwicala lokuvelisa amandla amatsha, "umgaqo-nkqubo wokusasazwa kunye nokugcinwa" kwicala lokuvelisa amandla uya kuzisa impumelelo entsha kumandla. icala lokugcina.
NgoSeptemba ka-2020, kwiseshoni yama-57 yeNgqungquthela yeZizwe eziManyeneyo, i-China yaphakamisa ngokusesikweni itekeni "yekhabhoni ephindwe kabini" yokufikelela "incopho yekhabhoni" ngo-2030 kunye "ne-carbon neutrality" ngo-2060. I-China ijonge ukuphumeza "incopho yekhabhoni" 2030 kunye "necarbon neutral" ngo-2060.
Ngo-2060, i-China iya kungena kwinqanaba "lokungathathi hlangothi", kunye nokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni kulindeleke ukuba kufike kwiitoni ze-2.6 yeebhiliyoni, ukwehla kwe-74.8% xa kuthelekiswa no-2020.
Kufanelekile ukuqaphela apha ukuba "i-carbon neutral" ayithethi ukukhutshwa kwe-carbon dioxide, kodwa kunokuba isixa esipheleleyo se-carbon dioxide okanye i-greenhouse gas ekhutshwayo eveliswa ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo ngemveliso yenkampani, imisebenzi yobuqu kunye nezinye izenzo ziya kupheliswa ngokutshala imithi. , ukugcinwa kwamandla kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa ukuphumeza i-carbon dioxide ene-positive kunye ne-negative okanye i-greenhouse gas emissions eveliswa ngokwabo. Injongo kukuphumeza ukukhutshwa kwe-zero ngokunciphisa i-carbon dioxide okanye i-greenhouse gas ekhutshwayo eyenziwa ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo yimisebenzi yamashishini, njengokutyala imithi kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla.
Amashishini ethu amathathu aphezulu anokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni ephezulu namhlanje ngala:
Kwicandelo lokubonelela ngombane, elithatha esona sabelo siphezulu, ilizwe liya kuvelisa i-800 yezigidi zekWh zombane ngowama-2020.
Ukuqhutywa ngumgaqo-nkqubo "wekhabhoni ephindwe kabini" ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni, isakhiwo sokuvelisa amandla esizwe siya kubona utshintsho olubalulekileyo.
Emva kowama-2030, ngokuphuculwa kweziseko ezingundoqo zokugcina amandla kunye nezinye izixhobo ezixhasayo, i-China kulindeleke ukuba igqibezele utshintsho ukusuka kumbane osekelwe kwifosili ukuya kumbane omtsha osekelwe kumandla ngowama-2060, kunye nomlinganiselo wokuvelisa amandla amatsha afikelele ngaphezu kwama-80%.
Ngokuqhambuka kwecala elitsha lokuvelisa amandla kwimarike, imboni yokugcina amandla nayo ingenise impumelelo entsha.
Ugcino lwamandla alunakwahlulwa kwisizukulwana samandla amatsha (photovoltaic kunye namandla omoya).
Zombini i-PV kunye namandla omoya anokungakhethi okuqinileyo kunye nezithintelo zejografi, ezikhokelela ekungaqinisekini okunamandla ekuveliseni amandla kunye nokuphindaphinda kwecala lokuvelisa amandla, okunokuthi kuzise uxinzelelo olukhulu lwempembelelo kwicala legridi ngexesha loqhagamshelo lwegridi.
Izikhululo zokugcina amandla azikwazi kuphela ukusombulula ingxaki "yokukhanya okushiyiweyo kunye nomoya", kodwa "nolawulo oluphezulu kunye nommiselo", ukwenzela ukuba ukuveliswa kwamandla kunye nokuphindaphinda kwecala lokuvelisa amandla kunokuhambelana negophe elicwangcisiweyo lecala legridi, ngaloo ndlela. ukuqonda uqhagamshelwano lwegridi egudileyo ukwenzela ukuveliswa kwamandla amatsha.
Okwangoku, imarike yogcino lwamandla eTshayina isekwisiqalo sayo xa kuthelekiswa neemarike zangaphandle, ngokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kwamanzi aseTshayina kunye nezinye iziseko zophuhliso.
Ukugcinwa kompompo kusenamandla kwiimarike, kunye ne-36GW yokugcina impompo efakwe kwimarike yaseTshayina kwi-2020, iphezulu kakhulu kune-5GW yokugcina i-electrochemical storage; nangona kunjalo, ukugcinwa kweekhemikhali kuneenzuzo zokungabi phantsi kwezithintelo zejografi kunye nokulungelelaniswa okuguquguqukayo, kwaye kuya kukhula ngokukhawuleza kwixesha elizayo; kulindeleke ukuba ukugcinwa kwe-electrochemical e-China kuya kudlula ngokuthe ngcembe ukugcinwa kwepompo kwi-2060, ukufikelela kwi-160GW.
Kweli nqanaba kwicala elitsha lokuvelisa amandla kwiprojekthi yokubhida, oorhulumente basekhaya abaninzi baya kuchaza ukuba isikhululo esitsha sokuvelisa amandla kunye nokugcinwa okungekho ngaphantsi kwe-10% -20%, kwaye ixesha lokutshaja alikho ngaphantsi kweeyure ze-1-2, kunokubonwa ukuba "umgaqo-nkqubo wokugcina" uza kuzisa ukukhula okubonakalayo kwicala lokuvelisa amandla kwimakethi yokugcina amandla e-electrochemical.
Nangona kunjalo, ngeli nqanaba, ngenxa yokuba imodeli yenzuzo kunye neendleko zokuqhuba umbane wecala lokugcinwa kwamandla e-electrochemical akukacaci kakuhle, okukhokelela kwizinga eliphantsi lembuyekezo yangaphakathi, uninzi lwezikhululo zokugcina amandla zikhokelwa ngumgaqo-nkqubo, kwaye imodeli yeshishini isaza kusonjululwa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-21-2022