I-Battery short circuit yimpazamo enkulu: amandla ekhemikhali agcinwe kwibhetri aya kulahleka ngendlela yamandla ashushu, isixhobo asinakusetyenziswa. Kwangaxeshanye, isiphaluka esifutshane sikwabandakanya isizukulwana sobushushu esiqatha, esinganciphisi nje ukusebenza kwezinto zebhetri, kodwa sinokukhokelela kumlilo okanye uqhushumbo ngenxa yokubaleka kwe-thermal. Ukuze kupheliswe iimeko ezinokubakho kwisixhobo esinokuthi senze isiphaluka esifutshane kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba isiphaluka esifutshane asiyiyo imeko yokusebenza eyingozi, sinokusebenzisa i-COMSOL Multiphysics ukufunda ukucwangciswa kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion.
Yenzeka njani isekethi emfutshane yebhetri?
Ibhetri iyakwazi ukuguqula amandla ekhemikhali agciniweyo abe ngamandla ombane. Ngexesha lokusebenza okuqhelekileyo, ii-electrode ezimbini zebhetri ziya kuvelisa ukusabela kokunciphisa i-electrochemical reaction ye-electrode engalunganga kunye ne-oxidation reaction ye-anode. Ngethuba lenkqubo yokukhupha, i-electrode efanelekileyo yi-0.10-600 kunye ne-electrode engalunganga ilungile; ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshaja, iimpawu ezimbini ze-electrode zitshintshwa, oko kukuthi, i-electrode e-positive ilungile kwaye i-electrode e-negative i-negative.
Enye i-electrode ikhupha ii-electron kwisekethe, ngelixa enye i-electrode ithatha ii-electron kwisekethe. Yile khemikhali isabela kakuhle eqhuba umsinga kwisekethe kwaye ke nasiphi na isixhobo, esinje ngemoto okanye iglowubhu yesibane, siyakwazi ukufumana amandla kwibhetri xa siqhagamshelwe kuyo.
Into ebizwa ngokuba yi-short circuit kuxa ii-electron zingahambi kwisekethe eqhagamshelwe kwisixhobo sombane, kodwa zihamba ngokuthe ngqo phakathi kwee-electrode ezimbini. Ekubeni ezi electron akufuneki ukuba zenze nawuphi na umsebenzi womatshini, ukuxhathisa kuncinci kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, ukusabela kweekhemikhali kuyakhawuleza kwaye ibhetri iqala ukuzikhupha, ilahlekelwa amandla ayo ekhemikhali ngaphandle kokwenza nawuphi na umsebenzi oluncedo. Xa i-short-circuited, umsinga ogqithisileyo ubangela ukuxhathisa kwebhetri kube shushu (ubushushu beJoule), obunokonakalisa isixhobo.
Umonakalo womatshini kwibhetri yenye yezizathu zesekethe emfutshane. Ukuba into yentsimbi yangaphandle igqobhoza ipakethi yebhetri okanye ukuba ipakethi yebhetri yonakaliswe kukuxova, iya kuba yindledlana yangaphakathi eqhubayo kwaye yenze isekethe emfutshane. "Uvavanyo lwe-pinprick" luvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lokhuseleko lweebhetri ze-lithium-ion. Ngexesha lovavanyo, inaliti yentsimbi iya kugqobhoza ibhetri kwaye imfutshane.
Thintela ukujikeleza okufutshane kwebhetri
Ibhetri okanye ipakethe yebhetri kufuneka ikhuselwe kwisiphaluka esifutshane, kubandakanywa nemilinganiselo yokuthintela ibhetri kunye nephakheji efanayo yezixhobo zokuqhuba ukudibana. Iibhetri zipakishwe kwiibhokisi zokuthutha kwaye kufuneka zihlulwe omnye komnye ngaphakathi kwebhokisi, kunye neepali ezilungileyo kunye nezibi ezijoliswe kwicala elifanayo xa iibhetri zibekwe ecaleni.
Ukuthintela ukujikeleza okufutshane kweebhetri kubandakanya, kodwa akukhawulelwanga, ezi ndlela zilandelayo.
a. Apho kunokwenzeka, sebenzisa isingxobo sangaphakathi esivalwe ngokupheleleyo esenziwe ngezinto ezingezizo (umzekelo, iingxowa zeplastiki) kwiseli nganye okanye isixhobo ngasinye esisebenzisa ibhetri.
b. Sebenzisa indlela efanelekileyo yokwahlula okanye yokupakisha ibhetri ukuze ingadibani nezinye iibhetri, isixhobo, okanye imathiriyeli yokuqhuba (umzekelo, iintsimbi) ngaphakathi kwepakethe.
c. Sebenzisa ii-caps zokukhusela ezingaqhubekiyo, i-tape yokufaka i-insulating, okanye ezinye iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela ii-electrode eziveziweyo okanye iiplagi.
Ukuba ukupakishwa kwangaphandle akukwazi ukumelana nongquzulwano, ke ukupakishwa kwangaphandle kuphela akufuneki kusetyenziswe njengomlinganiselo wokuthintela i-electrode yebhetri ukuba ingaqhawuki okanye i-short-circuiting. Ibhetri kufuneka iphinde isebenzise i-padding ukukhusela ukunyakaza, ngaphandle koko i-cap ye-electrode ikhululekile ngenxa yokunyakaza, okanye i-electrode iguqula isalathiso ukuze ibangele isiphaluka esifutshane.
Iindlela zokukhusela i-Electrode ziquka, kodwa azikhawulelwanga, la manyathelo alandelayo:
a. Ukuncamathisela ii-electrodes ngokukhuselekileyo kwikhava yamandla aneleyo.
b. Ibhetri ifakwe kwiphakheji yeplastiki eqinile.
c. Sebenzisa uyilo oluhlaziyiweyo okanye ube nolunye ukhuseleko lwee-electrode zebhetri ukuze i-electrode ingaphuki nokuba ipakethe ilahliwe.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-07-2023