Ngokwezibalo, imfuno yehlabathi jikelele yeebhetri ze-lithium-ion ifikelele kwi-1.3 yezigidigidi, kwaye ngokunyuka okuqhubekayo kweendawo zesicelo, eli nani liyanda unyaka nonyaka.Ngenxa yoku, ngokunyuka ngokukhawuleza kokusetyenziswa kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion kumashishini ahlukeneyo, ukusebenza kokhuseleko kwebhetri kuya kucaca ngakumbi, akufuni nje ukutshaja okugqwesileyo kunye nokukhupha ukusebenza kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion, kodwa kufuna umgangatho ophezulu. yokusebenza kokhuseleko.Ukuba iibhetri ze-lithium ekugqibeleni kutheni umlilo kunye nokuqhuma, ngawaphi amanyathelo anokuthi agwenywe kwaye apheliswe?
Okokuqala, makhe siqonde ukubunjwa kwezinto zeebhetri ze-lithium.Ukusebenza kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion ikakhulu kuxhomekeke kwisakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kwezinto zangaphakathi zeebhetri ezisetyenzisiweyo.Ezi zixhobo zebhetri zangaphakathi zibandakanya izinto ezingalunganga ze-electrode, i-electrolyte, i-diaphragm kunye nezinto ezintle ze-electrode.Phakathi kwabo, ukhetho kunye nomgangatho wezinto ezintle nezimbi zichaza ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kunye nexabiso leebhetri ze-lithium-ion.Ke ngoko, uphando lwezixhobo ze-electrode ezinexabiso eliphantsi kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu okuhle kunye nokungalunganga kuye kwagxilwa kuphuhliso lweshishini lebhetri ye-lithium-ion.
Izinto ezimbi ze-electrode zikhethwa ngokubanzi njengezinto zekhabhoni, kwaye uphuhliso lukhulile ngoku.Ukuphuhliswa kwezinto ze-cathode kuye kwaba yinto ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni ukuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kwebhetri ye-lithium-ion kunye nokunciphisa ixabiso.Kwimveliso yangoku yorhwebo yeebhetri ze-lithium-ion, iindleko ze-cathode ze-akhawunti ze-cathode malunga ne-40% yeendleko zebhetri iyonke, kunye nokunciphisa ixabiso lezinto ze-cathode zinquma ngokuthe ngqo ukuhla kwexabiso leebhetri ze-lithium-ion.Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kwiibhetri zamandla e-lithium-ion.Ngokomzekelo, ibhetri encinci ye-lithium-ion yefowuni idinga kuphela malunga ne-5 grams yezinto ze-cathode, ngelixa i-lithium-ion ibhetri yamandla okuqhuba ibhasi inokufuna ukuya kwi-500 kg yezinto ze-cathode.
Nangona kukho ithiyori ezininzi iintlobo zezinto ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe njenge-electrode efanelekileyo yeebhetri ze-Li-ion, icandelo eliphambili lezinto eziqhelekileyo ze-electrode efanelekileyo yi-LiCoO2.Xa utshaja, amandla ombane adityaniswe kwizibonda ezimbini zebhetri anyanzela i-compound ye-electrode efanelekileyo ukukhulula i-lithium ion, efakwe kwikhabhoni ye-electrode engafanelekanga kunye nesakhiwo se-lamellar.Xa ikhutshwe, i-lithium ion iphuma kwisakhiwo se-lamellar yekhabhoni kwaye iphinde idibanise kunye ne-compound kwi-electrode efanelekileyo.Ukuhamba kwe-lithium ion kuvelisa umbane.Lo ngumgaqo wendlela iibhetri ze-lithium zisebenza ngayo.
Nangona umgaqo ulula, kwimveliso yokwenyani yemizi-mveliso, mininzi imiba esebenzayo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe: imathiriyeli ye-electrode elungileyo idinga izongezo zokugcina umsebenzi wokutshaja okuninzi kunye nokukhupha, kunye nezinto ze-electrode engalunganga kufuneka ziyilwe apha. inqanaba lesakhiwo semolekyuli ukulungiselela i-lithium ion ezininzi;i-electrolyte ezaliswe phakathi kwee-electrodes ezintle kunye nezibi, ngaphezu kokugcina uzinzo, kufuneka kwakhona ube ne-conductivity yombane kunye nokunciphisa ukuchasana kwangaphakathi kwebhetri.
Nangona ibhetri ye-lithium-ion inazo zonke iingenelo ezikhankanywe ngasentla, kodwa iimfuno zayo zesekethe yokukhusela ziphakamileyo, ekusebenziseni inkqubo kufuneka kube ngokungqongqo ukuphepha ukutshaja, ukukhutshwa ngokugqithiseleyo, ukukhutshwa kwangoku akufanelekanga. ibe mkhulu kakhulu, ngokuqhelekileyo, izinga lokukhutshwa akufanele libe ngaphezu kwe-0.2 C. Inkqubo yokutshaja iibhetri ze-lithium iboniswe kumzobo.Kumjikelo wokutshaja, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion kufuneka zibone i-voltage kunye nobushushu bebhetri ngaphambi kokuba ukutshaja kuqale ukugqiba ukuba ingahlawuliswa.Ukuba amandla ombane ebhetri okanye iqondo lobushushu lingaphandle koluhlu oluvunyelwe ngumenzi, ukutshaja akuvumelekanga.Uluhlu lombane lokutshaja oluvumelekileyo lu: 2.5V ~ 4.2V ngebhetri.
Kwimeko apho ibhetri ikhupha nzulu, itshaja kufuneka ifuneke ibenenkqubo yokutshaja kwangaphambili ukuze ibhetri ihlangabezane nemiqathango yokutshaja ngokukhawuleza;emva koko, ngokwezinga lokutshaja ngokukhawuleza elicetyiswa ngumenzi webhetri, ngokubanzi i-1C, itshaja itshaja ibhetri ngokuqhubekayo kwaye amandla ombane ebhetri anyuka ngokucothayo;kanye ukuba amandla ombane ebhetri afikelele kwi-voltage emiselweyo yokuphelisa (ngokubanzi i-4.1V okanye i-4.2V), ukutshajiswa kwangoku okuqhubekayo kupheliswa kunye nomsinga wokutshaja Emva kokuba umbane webhetri ufikelele kwi-voltage yokuphelisa isethi (ngokubanzi i-4.1V okanye i-4.2V), ukutshaja ngokuqhubekayo iphelisa, ukutshaja ngoku kubola ngokukhawuleza kwaye ukutshaja kungena kwinkqubo yokutshaja ngokupheleleyo;ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshaja ngokupheleleyo, ukutshaja kwangoku kubola ngokuthe ngcembe de izinga lokutshaja liyehla ukuya ngaphantsi kwe-C/10 okanye ixesha elipheleleyo lokutshaja ligqithisekile, emva koko lijike libe yintlawulo ephezulu yokunqunyulwa;ngexesha lokutshaja okusikiweyo okuphezulu, itshaja izalisa ibhetri ngombane omncinci kakhulu wokutshaja.Emva kwethuba lokutshaja kwe-cutoff ephezulu, intlawulo iyacinywa.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-15-2022