1. I-Flame retardant ye-electrolyte
I-Electrolyte flame retardants yindlela efanelekileyo kakhulu yokunciphisa umngcipheko we-thermal runaway yeebhetri, kodwa ezi zixhobo zomlilo zihlala zinefuthe elibi kwintsebenzo ye-electrochemical yeebhetri ze-lithium ion, ngoko kunzima ukuyisebenzisa ekusebenzeni.Ukuze ukusombulula le ngxaki, yeyunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eSan Diego, iqela leYuQiao [1] kunye nendlela yokupakisha i-capsule iya kuvutha i-retardant DbA (i-dibenzyl amine) egcinwe ngaphakathi kwe-capsule encinci, isasazwe kwi-electrolyte, amaxesha aqhelekileyo akayi kuba nefuthe ekusebenzeni kweebhetri ze-lithium ion kubonakala, kodwa xa iiseli zitshatyalaliswa ngamandla angaphandle njenge-extrusion, I-retardants yedangatye kwezi capsules iyakhululwa, ityhefu ibhetri kwaye ibangele ukuba ingaphumeleli, ngaloo ndlela ilumkisa. ukubaleka kwe-thermal.Ngo-2018, iqela likaYuQiao [2] liphinde lasebenzisa itekhnoloji engentla kwakhona, lisebenzisa i-ethylene glycol kunye ne-ethylenediamine njengeenqatha umlilo, ezifakwe kwi-lithium ion ibhetri, okubangele ukuhla kwe-70% kubushushu obukhulu bebhetri ye-lithium ion ngexesha. uvavanyo lwepini, ukunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokulawulwa kwe-thermal yebhethri ye-lithium ion.
Iindlela ezikhankanywe ngasentla zizitshabalalisa, oku kuthetha ukuba xa i-flame retardant isetyenzisiwe, yonke ibhetri ye-lithium-ion iya kutshatyalaliswa.Nangona kunjalo, iqela lika-AtsuoYamada kwiyunivesithi yaseTokyo eJapan [3] liphuhlise i-electrolyte ye-flame retardant engayi kuchaphazela ukusebenza kweebhetri ze-lithium-ion.Kule electrolyte, i-concentration ephezulu ye-NaN (SO2F) 2 (NaFSA) okanye iLiN (SO2F) 2 (LiFSA) isetyenziswe njengetyuwa ye-lithium, kunye ne-flame retardant ye-trimethyl phosphate TMP eqhelekileyo yongezwa kwi-electrolyte, eyaphucula kakhulu ukuzinza kwe-thermal. ibhetri ye-lithium ion.Ngaphezu koko, ukongezwa kwe-flame retardant akuzange kuchaphazele ukusebenza komjikelo webhetri ye-lithium ion.I-electrolyte ingasetyenziselwa imijikelezo engaphezu kwe-1000 (i-1200 C / 5 imijikelezo, i-95% yokugcina umthamo).
Iimpawu ze-flame retardant yeebhetri ze-lithium ion ngokusebenzisa izongezo yenye yeendlela zokulumkisa iibhetri ze-lithium ion ukufudumala ngaphandle kolawulo.Abanye abantu bafumana indlela entsha yokuzama ukulumkisa ukwenzeka kwesiphaluka esifutshane kwiibhetri ze-lithium ion ezibangelwa amandla angaphandle ukusuka kwingcambu, ukuze kufezekiswe injongo yokususa i-bottom kunye nokuphelisa ngokupheleleyo ukwenzeka kobushushu ngaphandle kolawulo.Ngokujonga impembelelo enobundlobongela obunokubakho bamandla eebhetri ze-lithium ion ezisetyenziswayo, uGabrielM.Veith osuka e-Oak Ridge National Laboratory e-United States wayila i-electrolyte eneempawu zokucheba ukutyeba [4].Le electrolyte isebenzisa iipropathi zolwelo olungelulo olwaseNewtonian.Kwimeko eqhelekileyo, i-electrolyte iyilwelo.Nangona kunjalo, xa ujongene nempembelelo yequbuliso, iya kubonisa imeko eqinileyo, yomelele ngokugqithisileyo, kwaye inokufikelela kwisiphumo sokukhusela iimbumbulu.Ukusuka kwingcambu, ilumkisa umngcipheko we-thermal runaway obangelwa isiphaluka esifutshane kwibhetri xa ibhetri ye-lithium ion idibene nebhetri.
2. Ubume bebhetri
Okulandelayo, makhe sijonge indlela yokubeka iibhuleki kwi-thermal runway ukusuka kwinqanaba leeseli zebhetri.Okwangoku, ingxaki yokubaleka kwe-thermal ithathelwe ingqalelo kuyilo lwesakhiwo seebhetri ze-lithium ion.Umzekelo, ngokuqhelekileyo kukho ivalve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo kwikhava ephezulu yebhetri ye-18650, enokuthi ikhulule kwangexesha uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo ngaphakathi kwebhetri xa i-thermal ibaleka.Okwesibini, kuya kubakho umlinganiso wobushushu obufanelekileyo wePTC kwikhava yebhetri.Xa ukushisa kwe-thermal kuphakama, ukuchasana kwezinto ze-PTC kuya kwandisa kakhulu ukunciphisa okwangoku kunye nokunciphisa isizukulwana sobushushu.Ukongeza, kuyilo lwesakhiwo ibhetri enye kufuneka kwakhona kuqwalaselwe uyilo anti-mfutshane-yesekethe phakathi kwezibonda ezintle nezimbi, isilumkiso ngenxa misoperation, iintsalela zentsimbi kunye nezinye izinto ezibangela ibhetri isekethe elifutshane, ezibangela iingozi zokhuseleko.
Xa uyilo lwesibini kwiibhetri, kufuneka usebenzise i-diaphragm ekhuselekileyo, efana ne-pore evaliweyo ye-3-layer composite kubushushu obuphezulu be-diaphragm, kodwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje, kunye nokuphuculwa koxinano lwamandla ebhetri, i-diaphragm encinci phantsi kwendlela I-diaphragm enemigangatho emithathu ehlanganisiweyo iye yaphelelwa lixesha, ithathelwe indawo yi-ceramic coating ye-diaphragm, i-ceramic coating ukuya kwiinjongo zokuxhasa i-diaphragm, ukunciphisa ukunyanzeliswa kwe-diaphragm kumaqondo aphezulu okushisa, ukuphucula ukuzinza kwe-thermal ye-lithium ion ibhetri kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko we-diaphragm. ukubaleka kwe-thermal yebhetri ye-lithium ion.
3. Iipakethi yebhetri uyilo lokhuseleko lobushushu
Ekusetyenzisweni, iibhetri ze-lithium ion zihlala ziqulunqwe ngamashumi, amakhulu okanye amawaka eebhetri ngothotho kunye noqhagamshelo oluhambelanayo.Ngokomzekelo, ipakethe yebhetri yeTesla ModelS iqulethe ngaphezu kwe-7,000 18650 iibhetri.Ukuba enye yeebhetri ilahlekelwa kulawulo lwe-thermal, inokusasazeka kwipakethi yebhetri kwaye ibangele iziphumo ezibi.Ngokomzekelo, ngoJanuwari 2013, ibhetri ye-lithium ion yenkampani yaseJapan iBoeing 787 yatsha eBoston, eUnited States.Ngokophando lweBhodi yeSizwe yoKhuseleko lwezoThutho, ibhetri ye-lithium ion yesikwere se-75Ah kwipakethi yebhetri ibangele ukubaleka kweebhetri ezikufutshane.Emva kwesehlo, iBoeing yafuna ukuba zonke iipakethi zebhetri zixhotyiswe ngamanyathelo amatsha okuthintela ukusasazeka kobushushu obungalawulekiyo.
Ukuze kuthintelwe ukubaleka kwe-thermal ekusasazekeni ngaphakathi kweebhetri ze-lithium ion, i-AllcellTechnology iphuhlise i-Thermal Runaway isolation material PCC yeebhetri ze-lithium ion ngokusekelwe kwizinto zokutshintsha isigaba [5].Izinto ze-PCC ezizaliswe phakathi kwebhetri ye-lithium ion ye-monomer, kwimeko yomsebenzi oqhelekileyo wepakethi yebhetri ye-lithium ion, ipakethe yebhetri ebushushu inokudluliselwa kwizinto ze-PCC ngokukhawuleza ukuya ngaphandle kwepakethi yebhetri, xa i-thermal ibaleka kwi-lithium ion. iibhetri, imathiriyeli yePCC ngokunyibilika kwayo kweparafini yangaphakathi ifunxa ubushushu obuninzi, ithintele ubushushu bebhetri ukuba bunyuke ngakumbi, Ngaloo ndlela isilumkiso sobushushu obungalawulekiyo kwibhetri yokusasazwa kwangaphakathi.Kuvavanyo lwe-pinprick, ukubaleka kwe-thermal yebhetri enye kwipakethi yebhetri equkethe i-4 kunye ne-10 imitya yeebhetri ze-18650 iipakethi zebhetri ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwezinto ze-PCC ekugqibeleni kubangele ukubaleka kwe-thermal ye-20 ibhetri kwipakethi yebhetri, ngelixa i-thermal ibaleka enye. ibhetri ekwipakethi yebhetri eyenziwe ngezinto zePCC ayizange ibangele ukubaleka kwebhetri kwezinye iipakethi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-25-2022