Kumele ukuba uvile ngebhetri yeLithium!Kuluhlu lweebhetri eziphambili ezibandakanya i-metallic lithium.I-lithium yensimbi isebenza njenge-anode ngenxa yokuba le bhetri ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-lithium-metal battery.Ngaba uyazi ukuba yintoni eyenza ukuba bahluke kwezinye iintlobo zeebhetri?
Nanini na xa ibhetri ye-lithium iba manzi, ukusabela okwenzekayo kuyamangalisa.I-lithium yenza i-lithium hydroxide kunye ne-hydrogen enokutsha kakhulu.Isisombululo esenziweyo ngokwenene yi-alkali kwindalo.Iimpendulo zihlala ixesha elide xa kuthelekiswa nempendulo eyenzekayo phakathi kwe-sodium kunye namanzi.
Ngeenjongo zokhuseleko, akukhuthazwa ukuba ugcineiibhetri ze-lithiumamaqondo obushushu aphezulu akufuphi.Kufuneka zigcinwe kude noqhagamshelwano lwelanga elithe ngqo, iilaptops kunye neeradiyetha.Ezi bhetri zinovakalelo oluphezulu ngokwendalo ngenxa yoko akufuneki zigcinwe kwiindawo apho kukho amathuba aphezulu okudibana nomonakalo.
Ngaba uceba ukwenza umfuniselo ngokuntywilisela ibhetri ye-lithium emanzini?Kungcono ukuba ungakwenzi oko ngempazamo njengoko kunokuba yingozi kakhulu.Ibhetri emva kokuntywiliselwa emanzini ibangela ukuvuza okuphezulu kweekhemikhali eziyingozi.Njengoko amanzi engena ngaphakathi ebhetrini, imichiza iyaxubana kwaye ikhuphe ikhompawundi eyingozi.
Ikhompawundi ibulala kakhulu ngokwempilo.Inokubangela ukutshisa kwesikhumba xa udibana.Kwakhona, ibhetri yonakala kakhulu.
Ukuba ibhetri yakho ye-lithium ihlatywa, ke isiphumo esipheleleyo sinokubulala.Njengomsebenzisi, kufuneka ulumke ngokwaneleyo.Ibhetri yeLi-ion egqabhukileyo inokubangela iingozi zomlilo ezimandundu.Njengoko i-electrolyte enamandla inokuvuza kuwo wonke umngxuma, ukusabela kweekhemikhali kwenzeka ngohlobo lobushushu.Okokugqibela, ubushushu bunokonakalisa ezinye iiseli zebhetri, zenze ikhonkco lomonakalo.
Ibhetri yelithium emanzini inokubangela ukukhutshwa kwepolishi yeenzipho njengevumba ngenxa yokwenziwa kwedimethyl carbonate.Ungayivumba kodwa ivumba elingcono imizuzwana embalwa kuphela.Ukuba ibhetri ibamba umlilo, emva koko i-fluoric acid iyakhululwa enokuthi ibangele izinga eliphezulu lezigulo zomhlaza.Kuya kubangela ukunyibilika kwezicubu zamathambo akho kunye nemithambo-luvo.
Le nkqubo yaziwa ngokuba yi-thermal runaway engumjikelo wokuziqinisa.Isenokukhokelela kuluhlu oluphezulu lwemililo yebhetri kunye nezinye iziganeko ezinxulumene nokutsha.Umsi oyingozi ngomnye umngcipheko onxulumene nokuvuza kwebhetri.Ukukhutshwa kwe-carbon monoxide kunye ne-hydrofluoric acid kunokucaphukisa ulusu emva kweeyure ezinde zokuvezwa.
Ukuphefumla umsi ixesha elide kunokukhokelela kwiingozi ezibeka ubomi esichengeni.Ngoko ke, kungcono ukuba ungalinge ulinge ngempilo yakho.
Ngoku, ukuntywilisela ibhetri ye-lithium emanzini anetyuwa, ngoko ukusabela kuya kuba yinto ephawulekayo.Ityuwa inyibilika emanzini, ngaloo ndlela ishiya ii-ion zesodium kunye ne-chloride ion ngasemva.I-ion yesodium iya kufudukela kwitanki inentlawulo engalunganga, ngelixa i-ion ye-chloride ifudukela kwitanki inentlawulo elungileyo.
Ukuntywiliselwa kwebhetri ye-Li-ion kumanzi anetyuwa kuya kubangela ukukhupha ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kokuphazamisa iimpawu zebhetri.Ukukhupha ibhetri ngokupheleleyo akuwuchaphazeli umjikelo wobomi bayo yonke inkqubo yokugcina.Ukongeza, ibhetri ingahlala iiveki ngaphandle kwentlawulo.Ngesi sizathu, imfuno yenkqubo yokugcinwa kwebhetri iyehla.
Intlawulo ilawulwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngezenzo ze-ionic.Yenye yeendlela ezikhuselekileyo njengoko kungekho mngcipheko wokubamba umlilo.Ukuntywiliselwa kweebhetri ze-Li-ion emanzini anetyuwa kuya kunceda ekwandiseni ixesha lokuphila kwebhetri.Okokugqibela kodwa hayi kancinci;lukhetho olukhetheke kakhulu kwixesha lokusebenzelana kwendalo.
Ukuntywiliselwa kweibhetri ye-lithium-ionkumanzi anetyuwa aphelisa ukuncipha kweemfuno zezopolitiko nezoqoqosho.
Ngokungafaniyo ne-saltwarer, ukuntywiliselwa kwebhetri ye-Li-ion emanzini kunokubangela ugqabhuko-dubulo oluyingozi.Umlilo owenzekayo uyingozi ngokubanzi kunemililo eqhelekileyo.Umonakalo ulinganiswa ngokoqobo nangokomfuziselo.Umzuzu iLithium iqala ukusabela ngamanzi, igesi yehydrogen kunye ne-lithium hydroxide iyakhutshwa.
Ukuvezwa ngaphezulu kwe-lithium hydroxide kunokubangela izinga eliphezulu lokucaphuka kwesikhumba kunye nomonakalo kwiso.Njengoko kuveliswa igesi enokutsha, ukugalelwa kwamanzi kumlilo we-lithium kunokuba yingozi ngakumbi.Ukuveliswa kwe-hydrofluoric acid kunokubangela imeko enetyhefu kakhulu, ngaloo ndlela icaphukisa imiphunga kunye namehlo.
Ukudada kwe-lithium emanzini ngenxa yoxinano oluphantsi ngenxa yokuba umlilo we-lithium unokuba yingxaki kakhulu.Umlilo ovelayo unokubonakala unzima malunga nokucima.Isenokukhokelela ekuvukeni ukuba kukho imeko engxamisekileyo engaqhelekanga.Njengoko iibhetri ze-lithium kunye namacandelo akhoyo kwiimilo eziguquguqukayo kunye nobukhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ulungele ukuhlangabezana naluphi na uhlobo lwemeko engxamisekileyo.
Omnye umngcipheko onxulumene nokuntywiliselwa kweiibhetri ze-lithium-ionemanzini ayikho enye ngaphandle komngcipheko wokudubula.Ziyilelwe ngokukodwa ukuveliswa kwentlawulo efanelekileyo kubunzima obuncinci.Ifuna eyona casings incinci kunye nezahlulo phakathi kweeseli.
Ke ngoko, ukulungelelaniswa kukhokelela ekushiyeni igumbi ngokwemiqathango yokuqina.Oku kunokubangela umonakalo olula kumalungu ebhetri angaphakathi nangaphandle.
Ngaloo ndlela, ukusuka ngasentla kuyacaca ukuba nangona iibhetri zeLithium ziluncedo namhlanje;sekunjalo kufuneka ziphathwe ngononophelo olwaneleyo.Njengoko benoxanduva lokudubula emva kokudibana namanzi, kuyacetyiswa ukuba balumke ngakumbi.Ukuphatha ngononophelo kuya kuqinisekisa ukukhuselwa kwiingozi ezinxulumene nempilo kunye neengozi ezibulalayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-13-2022