Kwi-lithium, i-racetrack egcwele imali ehlakaniphile, kunzima ukubaleka ngokukhawuleza okanye ubuqili kunaye nabani na omnye - kuba i-lithium elungileyo iyabiza kwaye iyabiza ukuyiphuhlisa, kwaye ibisoloko iyintsimi yabadlali abomeleleyo.
Kunyaka ophelileyo iZijin Mining, enye yeenkampani eziphambili zemigodi yaseTshayina, waya elwandle waza waphumelela i-Tres Quebradas Salar (3Q) iprojekthi ye-lithium yetyuwa echibini kwiphondo laseCatamarca kumntla-ntshona we-Argentina nge-5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola.
Ngokukhawuleza kwacaca ukuba i-5 yeebhiliyoni eziphonsiweyo yayingamalungelo okusebenza kwemigodi kuphela, kunye neebhiliyoni zeebhiliyoni zenkcitho enkulu elindele ukuhlawulwa yiZijin ukugqiba imigodi kunye nokucocwa.Amashumi eebhiliyoni zeedola zemali yam eyimali etyalwe ukuzalisa umgodi omnye kuphela yenze abantu abaninzi bangaphandle babaleka.
Enyanisweni, ukuba silungiselela zonke iinkampani ezidweliswe kwi-share kunye nemigodi ye-lithium ngokwexabiso lemarike kunye noovimba, siya kufumana ifomyula ephantse ukukopela: ezincinci oovimba be-lithium carbonate, ukuphakama kwexabiso lemarike yenkampani.
Ingqiqo yale fomula akunzima ukuyibala: i-A-share edwelisiweyo yenkampani yenkxaso-mali ephezulu idityaniswe nemodeli yoshishino yophuhliso lwezixhobo ze-lithium kunye ne-ultra-high profit margins (ixesha lokubuyisela elingekho ngaphezu kweminyaka emibini) yenza ukuba imarike izimisele ngakumbi. ukunika ixabiso eliphezulu kwiinkampani ezinezibonelelo eziphantsi.Uqikelelo oluphezulu luxhasa ukufunyanwa kwenkxaso-mali yemigodi ye-lithium.Izinga eliphezulu lembuyekezo eliziswe kukufunyanwa, ixabiso eliphezulu leprojekthi kunye nezinga eliphezulu lokubuya, ixabiso eliphezulu lixhasa ukufunyanwa kwemigodi ye-lithium eninzi, ukwenza umjikelo omhle apha.Impembelelo ye-flywheel yazalwa: iphinde yazala isitokhwe senkunzi enkulu njengeJiang Te Motor kunye neTibet Everest.
Ke ngoko, thatha imayini ye-lithium, imigodi epheleleyo, inokuzisa ixabiso lokutsiba kosuku, ukukhula kwexabiso lemarike ngamashumi eebhiliyoni akuyongxaki.Ukuze ukubala oovimba ezibhengezwe ziinkampani ezidweliswe, zonke iitoni amawaka alishumi oovimba lithium carbonate imalunga 500 million ixabiso lemarike, ngoko siye sabona kulo nyaka uphelileyo, xa isigidi seetoni zomgodi omkhulu lithium esandleni, kunokunceda ixabiso kwimarike yenkampani ngqo skyrocket.Kodwa njengoko yonke i-capital ukuqonda le nqanaba elikhulu, phantse wonke umntu uya kuhlangabezana nengxaki: ixabiso elihle le-lithium alincinci, wonke umntu ukhangele, singayifumana phi ixabiso lezinto eziphantsi?Impendulo akunzima ukuyifumanisa:
Xa umchasi wakho ekwicala lokutshona.
Okukhona kuyingozi ngakumbi, kokukhona ubuhle
Njengoko iNkulumbuso yaseBritani uWinston Churchill waseka iZizwe eziManyeneyo ekupheleni kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, wathi: “Ungaze ulahlekise ingxaki entle.”(Ungaze ulahle intlekele elungileyo.)
Kwiimarike zanamhlanje ze-jittery capital, ithande ngakumbi ifilosofi: kuphela xa iqabane likwindawo exineneyo ekufuneka liyithenge, iya kuba nexabiso eliphantsi kunokuba ukhe wayibona.Kodwa sinethemba elikhulu lokuba xa ithuba livela, siya kukhutshelwa ngaphandle komdlali ochasayo owomeleleyo, hayi ngenye indlela.
Ngoko ke, akumangalisi ukuba iqela le-guicheng Mining, umnini-sabelo omkhulu weGuicheng Mining, wangena xa owayesakuba yi-A-share star Zhonghe ephethe umgodi we-lithium wawela kumda wokubhanga kunye nokuvalwa: NgoFebruwari 25, 2022, Zhonghe Co. ,Ltd.(emva koku kuthiwa yi "Zhonghe"), eye yanqunyanyiswa kwi-A-share market iminyaka emibini ukuya kwiBhodi eNtsha yesiThathu, yabhengeza ukuba iJinxin Mining Co.,Ltd.izicwangciso ukwazisa guicheng Group, umtyali-zimali, ukukhusela Zhonghe kaThixo core lithium assets ukusuka efandesini ngokusebenzisa indibaniselwano ukwanda inkunzi kunye nokuboleka.Kwaye uncede imigodi yeJinxin ukubuyisela imveliso kunye nokusebenza kwamandla.
Idatha ibonisa ukuba i-Jinxin Mining yenye yeediphozithi ezinkulu ze-spodumene e-China kunye nenye yezinto ezinqabileyo eziphezulu eziphezulu ze-lithium e-China.
I-Markang Jinxin Mining Co., Ltd., i-subsidiary ebalulekileyo ye-Zhonghe Co., Ltd., iye yawela kubunzima bezoshishino kunye neengxaki zemali kwaye ayikwazi ukuhlawula amatyala ayo.Iqela leGuicheng lithintele umngcipheko wefandesi yenkundla yamalungelo emigodi, amalungelo okuhlola, oomatshini kunye nezixhobo kunye nezinye izinto ezingundoqo ezigcinwe yiJinxin Mining Ngokubonelela ngoncedo.
Ngokutsho kwesicwangciso sokunyuswa kwenkunzi, ngokwengxelo yoqingqo-maxabiso ekhutshwe yi-arhente yovavanyo lwe-asethi yomntu wesithathu, abatyali-mali baya kuphumeza ukunyuka kwenkunzi ngokwexabiso labo bonke abanini-zabelo beJinxin Mining ngaphambi kotyalo-mali lwe-yuan yezigidi ezingama-429.Emva kokugqitywa kokunyuka kwenkunzi, i-Guocheng Evergreen, i-Guocheng Deyuan ibambe i-48%, i-2%, i-aba Zhonghe New Energy Co., Ltd. isesona sabelo sikhulu senkampani, sibambe i-50%.Ukongeza, uZhonghe, osemngciphekweni wokubhanga, naye wasayina isivumelwano sentsebenziswano esicwangcisiweyo kunye neQela leGuocheng: kwisivumelwano, iGuocheng Group iya kuhlawula i-200 yezigidi ze-RMB njengediphozithi kwiZhonghe ukuba ithathe inxaxheba kwi-bankruptcy kunye nokuhlelwa kwakhona kweZhonghe.Isivumelwano siphinde sashiya igama elinentsingiselo: ukubuyisela uphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwezabelo zeZhonghe, ngokukhawuleza ukuba uzenzele ngokuzimeleyo isicelo soluhlu ngokutsha okanye ukudibanisa ezinye iinkampani ezidweliswe kwi-stock exchange listing, ukukhusela umdla wababolekisi kunye nabanini-zabelo abancinci.
Ibonwe kwindibaniselwano yezi zivumelwano zimbini, Guicheng Group wafumana 50% ulawulo equity of Jinxin Mining, leyo unogcino iyonke phantse 3 million tons lithium carbonate, nje ngotyalo 428.8 million yuan.Ngeli xesha, ngokukhuthaza uhlengahlengiso lwemvisiswano yoluntu, ikwabambe inyathelo lokugqiba uluhlu lweJinxin Mining ngokutshintshiselana ngesitokhwe kwixesha elizayo.Kwifomula yokukopela ye-lithium, i-3 yezigidi zeetoni ze-Jinxin Mining nangokutsho kwe-200 yezigidi zeetoni zezigidi zeetoni zokugcinwa kwexabiso lokuguqulwa kwexabiso lemarike, lixabiso lemarike elingaphezulu kwe-60 yezigidigidi ze-behemoth, ukuba konke kuhamba kakuhle, ixabiso leqela lesixeko umzuzu wokufakwa kwenkunzi, uzuze uguqulo olumangalisayo.
Kwirekhodi yentlanganiso ye-Cadre ye-2022 yeQela laseGuicheng, uvuyo oluveliswa ngokunyuka kwenkunzi kwi-Jinxin Mining ichazwa ngamazwi: "Lo mlinganiso omkhulu wokusebenza unokubaluleka kokubaluleka kwindlela yokufikelela kuphuhliso oluphezulu lweqela."
02 Okukhona intle kakhulu, kokukhona ilusizi
Ngokuqinisekileyo, ii-asethi eziphantsi zincinci ngenxa yesizathu: ukuba uvula isaziso sikawonkewonke saseZhonghe, ibhodi entsha yeBhodi yesiThathu yeZhonghe igcwele amagama afana nokuhlutha, ukumangalela kunye nokugweba, ayibonakali njengenkampani yemigodi ye-lithium. inokufihla ixabiso layo lemarike ye-100 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan.Xa kuthelekiswa nalaa nkwenkwezi yamandla amatsha uZhonghe kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, i-zhonghe iguqule ngempumelelo kwishishini lelaphu ukuya kwimigodi ye-lithium kwaye yathatha ulawulo lweJinxin Mining.Nangona kunjalo, ngokuhla kweshishini le-textile, ukuhamba kwenkunzi ye-Zhonghe kwayeka ngokukhawuleza, kwaye i-Jinxin Mining yayidinga ukuchitha imali eninzi kwinqanaba lokuqala lemigodi.
Okwangoku i-zhonghe ibanjwe engxakini: i-asethi ehlanjululweyo inokuzikhusela, kodwa ixabiso lemigodi ye-lithium engasetyenziswanga lilinganiselwe;Umthonyama waseFujian uXu Jiancheng wakhetha ukwandisa ezantsi kwerhasi, evumela ngokuthe ngqo ukuba iZhonghe esele ishukuma yawa.
Ingxelo yezemali ye-Zhonghe ayikwazanga ukukhutshwa kwiminyaka emibini edlulileyo, kwaye kwingxelo yokugqibela yezemali, ityala likaZhonghe lisondele kwi-2.8 yebhiliyoni ye-yuan, ekudala ingenamali.UZhonghe, kudala enamatyala, ngoku ufe umzimba wonke:
U-Xu Jiancheng, intloko yenkampani, watshutshiswa waza wavalelwa ngabatshutshisi be-dangba ngenxa yengxabano yekhontrakthi yokudluliselwa kwamalungelo emigodi ye-jinxin.
Kwi-Jinxin Mining Co., LTD., ekummandla ohlala abantu baseTibet, abantu abaninzi basekuhlaleni baboleka imali yokuthenga iilori zokuthutha ukuze bathathe inxaxheba kuphuhliso lwemigodi, kwaye ngoku basematyaleni kakhulu.
Nkqu abatyalwayo eziliqela ukucofa: ngo-2018, ukuze kugcinwe kwaye ezidweliswe iqokobhe hayi ukurhoxa isixeko, inyibilika ukudluliselwa trust yamalungelo otyalwayo ukuba societe generale emigodini, imigodi yemizi-mveliso abanini-zabelo ezinkulu batyale izigidi ezingama-600 ukukhuthaza uphuhliso lwemigodi jinxin, kodwa iingalo. ye-lithium inkulu Asia isitya irayisi yentsimbi, kwaye kwimeko engenankokeli, usoloko akanako ukuqonda ukugqiba, uphuhliso jinxin kwezemigodi lusamile.
Okumangalisayo kukuba, ngokunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwemarike entsha yamandla, ixabiso le-lithium carbonate liye lanyuka.Abanye abantu baye babala ukuba: ngexabiso langoku, iJinxin Mining inokuhlawula onke amatyala ayo kwiminyaka emibini, kodwa okwangoku, i-zhonghe ayikwazi ukufumana ipeni.Enyanisweni, ukuba bekungekho kutyalo-mali lwexabiso eliphantsi leqela le-guocheng kunye noncedo lwe-Knight emhlophe, uZhonghe ngewayekwinqanaba lefandesi yendlu.
Okukhona unxunguphalo, kokukhona uba nemincili
Ukuba nobulungisa, ngokuba Guicheng Group, utyalo-mali kwi Jinxin Mining sisiqalo nje, umtshato usoloko eyona yonwabileyo: Yenza amatyala akhawunti arbitrage, inject inkcitho eyinkunzi ukuqonda uphuhliso mgodini, ukucoca iingxabano kunye nesimangalo, ecacileyo kwaye engabonakaliyo. uxolelwaniso kunye nababoneleli kunye nabathengi, ukufumana uvavanyo lwempembelelo yokusingqongileyo uhlaziyo, ekugqibeleni ukukhuthaza iinkalo ezahlukeneyo libe neshishini le-lithium engenasiphako, uluhlu olupheleleyo lwezi luvavanyo lokwenyani lweqela lesixeko elimhlophe isakhono sovavanyo olukhulu ngokwenene.
Ngapha koko, ukusilela kweXingye Mining kunye neZhongrong Trust ukukhusela iqokobhe layo kubonise ukuba kuninzi ebalini kunokudibana neliso.
Kodwa abatyali-mali babonakala benomdla ngakumbi kwisakhono sikaGuicheng sokwakha ngokutsha, ngenxa yembali yayo yokubandakanyeka kuhlengahlengiso.Kule minyaka mine idlulileyo, uGuicheng unikezele ngokuthatha iJianxin Mining, eye yatshona, yaza yaphumelela uluhlu.Kuhlenga-hlengiso olutsha lolwakhiwo, iQela leGuocheng ligqibe ngempumelelo ukulungiswa ngokutsha komgodi we-molybdenum wodidi oluphezulu, i-Chinese kunye ne-Western Mining, eza kujongwa kwinkampani edwelisiweyo;Ngokukhula kobhubhane ngo-2020, iGuicheng Group yolula isandla soncedo kwiYupang Mining, owona mgodi mkhulu wesilivere e-Asiya, kweyona ndawo iphantsi, yaze yafumana isibonda esilawulayo sowona mgodi mkhulu wesilivere ngexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu.Ngomzila odlulileyo, i-Guocheng Mining ilungile ekuthatheni inxaxheba kuhlengahlengiso lwe-bankruptcy, kodwa inamandla amakhulu emali.
Ngaphandle kwendlela ende ezayo, abaninizabelo abambalwa banokuzithemba ukuba iGuicheng ingaphinda umlingo wayo kumgodi we-lithium weJinxin ozele ematyaleni, ongomnye wamagqabantshintshi okukhula kweZhonghe.
Sukumosha ingxaki, okubalulekileyo kukuba awuyongxaki
Imbali ngokucacileyo idlala iqhinga elikhulu kwizabelo zeZhonghe.Ukususela kwi-textile mills yajika i-lithium, zonke izabelo kwaye ngokucacileyo ukuqikelela isiqalo, ungaqikelele isiphelo: ukuya kwinguqu yamandla amatsha ngokuqinisekileyo ichanekile, kodwa ukuguqulwa kwe-gap enkulu ye-capital turnover, inqanaba lokuqala lemiqobo enkulu yemigodi kunye ixesha iindleko zemali, imingcipheko ezininzi ezisemthethweni kwinkqubo yorhwebo, yonke into eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwi kwaye ekugqibeleni ibe yingxaki yokuhlawula amatyala.
Okumangalisayo kukuba, umgodi we-lithium, owawufanele ukuba ngumthombo omkhulu wemali kunye namathuba engqesho, ekugqibeleni wazisa uZhonghe, eshiya uzhonghe Mired kwiingxaki ezininzi, kuquka amatyala kunye namatyala.Ababoneleli, abathengisi, oorhulumente basekhaya kunye nabemi bonke baye batsalelwa kwi-vortex yokugqibela.
Kwaye ume kwimbono yeqela lesixeko, ukusuka kwiminyaka emine nje emine eyadlulayo imigodi entsha engenayo kunye nempahla yayo iyonke sele ikwazi ukujonga kuqingqo-maxabiso oluzayo lweebhiliyoni zeerandi, konke oku kusekwe kuzo zonke iindawo zorhwebo i-counterparty liquidity yomile kwi mzuzu: isivumelwano, jinxin ukutolika ngokugqibeleleyo yintoni na "musa ukuchitha intlekele" esi sicatshulwa.Mhlawumbi, kwi-jittery ye-capital market namhlanje, njengabatyali-mali kufuneka siqonde intsingiselo yesi sivakalisi.
Kodwa kufuneka siqonde ukuba isiseko "sokungachithi" ingxaki asikukuzivumela ukuba sibe yingxaki ngokwayo
- Njengoko ii-asethi ze-lithium ziqhubeka zinyuka, wonke umgca we-K ubonakala ubonisa umgca obukhali we-sickle.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-31-2022