Imfuno engxamisekileyo yokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni iqhuba intshukumo ekhawulezayo ekuthuthweni kombane kunye nokwandisa ukusasazwa kwamandla elanga nawomoya kwigridi.Ukuba ezi ndlela zinyuka njengoko kulindelekile, imfuno yeendlela ezingcono zokugcina amandla ombane iya kuqina.
Sifuna zonke izicwangciso esinokuzifumana ukujongana nosongelo lokutshintsha kwemozulu, utshilo uGqr Elsa Olivetti, unjingalwazi onxulumene nesayensi kunye nobunjineli e-Esther noHarold E. Edgerton.Ngokucacileyo, uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji esekelwe kwigridi yokugcina ubunzima ibalulekile.Kodwa kwizicelo eziphathwayo - ngakumbi ezothutho-uphando oluninzi lugxile ekuhlengahlengiseni okukhoyo namhlanjeiibhetri ze-lithium-ionukuba zikhuseleke, zibe zincinci kwaye zikwazi ukugcina amandla amaninzi ngobungakanani kunye nobunzima bazo.
Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion eziqhelekileyo ziyaqhubeka ziphucula, kodwa ukulinganiselwa kwazo kuhleli, ngokuyinxenye ngenxa yesakhiwo sabo.Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ziquka i-electrode ezimbini, enye i-positive kunye ne-negative enye, ifakwe kwi-organic (i-carbon-containing) engamanzi.Xa ibhetri ihlawulwe kwaye ikhutshwe, amasuntswana e-lithium (okanye ii-ion) ahlawuliswayo agqithiswa ukusuka kwelinye i-electrode ukuya kwelinye nge-electrolyte engamanzi.
Ingxaki enye kolu yilo kukuba kumandla ombane athile kunye namaqondo obushushu, i-electrolyte engamanzi inokuguquka kwaye ibambe umlilo.Iibhetri zikhuselekile ngokubanzi phantsi kokusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo, kodwa ingozi ihleli, utsho uGqr Kevin Huang Ph.D.'15, inzululwazi yophando kwiqela lika-Olivetti.
Enye ingxaki kukuba iibhetri ze-lithium-ion azifanelekanga ukusetyenziswa kwiimoto.Iipakethi ezinkulu, ezinzima zebhetri zithatha indawo, zonyusa ubunzima besithuthi kunye nokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamafutha.Kodwa kubonakala kunzima ukwenza iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zanamhlanje zibe zincinci kwaye zibe khaphukhaphu ngelixa zigcina ubuninzi bazo bamandla - isixa samandla agcinwe ngegram yobunzima.
Ukuxazulula ezi ngxaki, abaphandi batshintsha iimpawu eziphambili zeebhetri ze-lithium-ion ukudala i-version-solid, okanye i-solid-state, inguqulo.Bathatha indawo ye-electrolyte engamanzi embindini nge-electrolyte ebhityileyo eqinileyo ezinzileyo kuluhlu olubanzi lwee-voltages kunye namaqondo obushushu.Ngale electrolyte eqinileyo, basebenzise i-electrode ephezulu yomthamo ophezulu kunye ne-lithium metal negative electrode ephezulu kakhulu eyayingaphantsi kakhulu kunomgangatho wekhabhoni oqhelekileyo.Olu tshintsho luvumela iseli encinci kakhulu ngelixa igcina amandla ayo okugcina amandla, okukhokelela ekuxininiseni kwamandla aphezulu.
Ezi mpawu - ukhuseleko olwandisiweyo kunye noxinaniso olukhulu lwamandla- mhlawumbi zezona zibonelelo zixhaphakileyo zixhaphakileyo zeebhetri zombuso oqinileyo, kodwa zonke ezi zinto zijonge phambili kwaye zilindelwe, kwaye azifezeki.Nangona kunjalo, oku kunokwenzeka ukuba abaphandi abaninzi bazama ukufumana izixhobo kunye noyilo oluya kuzalisekisa esi sithembiso.
Ukucinga ngaphaya kwebhubhoratri
Abaphandi baye beza nenani leemeko ezinomdla ezijongeka zithembisa elabhoratri.Kodwa u-Olivetti no-Huang bakholelwa ekubeni ngokungxamisekileyo komceli mngeni wokutshintsha kwemozulu, iingqwalasela ezongezelelekileyo ezisebenzayo zinokubalulekile.Thina baphandi sihlala sineemethrikhi kwilebhu yokuvavanya izixhobo ezinokwenzeka kunye neenkqubo, utshilo u-Olivetti.Imizekelo inokuquka umthamo wokugcina amandla kunye nentlawulo/amazinga okukhutshwa.Kodwa ukuba injongo kukuphunyezwa, sicebisa ukongeza iimethrikhi ezijongana ngokukodwa nokubanakho ukukalwa ngokukhawuleza.
Izixhobo kunye nokufumaneka
Ehlabathini lee-electrolyte eziqinileyo ezingaphiliyo, kukho iindidi ezimbini eziphambili zemathiriyeli - iioksidi eziqulethe ioksijini kunye neesulfide eziqulethe isulfure.I-Tantalum iveliswa njengemveliso evela kwimigodi ye-tin kunye ne-niobium.Idatha yembali ibonisa ukuba ukuveliswa kwe-tantalum kusondele kubuninzi obunokubakho kune-germanium ngexesha lokumbiwa kwe-tin kunye ne-niobium.Ubukho be-tantalum ngoko ke yinkxalabo enkulu malunga nokunyusa okunokwenzeka kweeseli ezisekelwe kwi-LLZO.
Nangona kunjalo, ukwazi ubukho bento esemhlabeni ayisombululi amanyathelo afunekayo ukuyifumana ezandleni zabavelisi.Abaphandi ke ngoko baphande umbuzo olandelayo malunga nokubonelela ngezinto eziphambili - imigodi, ukusetyenzwa, ukusulungekiswa, ukuthuthwa, njl.njl. Ukucinga ukuba kukho unikezelo oluninzi, ngaba ikhonkco lonikezelo lokuhambisa ezi zinto linokwandiswa ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo ukuhlangabezana nokukhula. imfuno yeebhetri?
Kuhlalutyo lwesampulu, bajonge ukuba ingakanani ikhonkco lokubonelela nge-germanium kunye ne-tantalum eya kufuneka ikhule unyaka nonyaka ukubonelela ngeebhetri kwiprojekthi ye-2030 yezithuthi zombane.Njengomzekelo, inqwelo yeenqwelo zombane, edla ngokukhankanywa njengento ekujoliswe kuyo ngo-2030, kuya kufuneka ukuba ivelise iibhetri ezaneleyo ukubonelela ngeeyure ze-gigawatt ezili-100 zamandla.Ukufezekisa le njongo, kusetyenziswa iibhetri ze-LGPS kuphela, ikhonkco lonikezelo lwegermanium kuya kufuneka likhule nge-50% ngonyaka ngonyaka - ukolula, njengoko izinga lokukhula eliphezulu belimalunga ne-7% kwixesha elidlulileyo.Ukusebenzisa iiseli zeLLZO kuphela, ikhonkco lonikezelo lwetantalum kuya kufuneka likhule malunga ne-30% - izinga lokukhula kakuhle ngaphezu kobuninzi bembali obumalunga ne-10%.
Le mizekelo ibonisa ukubaluleka kokuqwalasela ubukho bezinto eziphathekayo kunye nekhonkco lokubonelela xa kuvavanywa amandla okunyusa ee-electrolyte ezahlukeneyo eziqinileyo, utsho uHuang: Nokuba ubungakanani besixhobo asingomcimbi, njengakwimeko yegermanium, ukonyusa konke. amanyathelo kwikhonkco lokubonelela ukuhambelana nokuveliswa kwezithuthi zombane zexesha elizayo anokufuna izinga lokukhula elingazange libonwe ngaphambili.
Izixhobo kunye nokusebenza
Omnye umba omawuqwalaselwe xa uvavanya ukubanakho ukukaleka koyilo lwebhetri bubunzima benkqubo yokwenziwa kwemveliso kunye neempembelelo ezinokuba nazo kwiindleko.Kukho amanyathelo angenakuthintelwa abandakanyekayo ekwenziweni kwebhetri yelizwe eliqinileyo, kwaye ukusilela kwalo naliphi na inyathelo kwandisa iindleko zeseli nganye eveliswe ngempumelelo.
Njengommeli wobunzima bokuvelisa, u-Olivetti, uCeder kunye noHuang bahlolisise impembelelo yezinga lokungaphumeleli kwixabiso elipheleleyo loyilo olukhethiweyo lwebhetri yesimo esiqinileyo kwisiseko sabo sedatha.Ngomzekelo omnye, bagxininise kwi-oxide LLZO.I-LLZO inobuqhophololo kakhulu kwaye amakhulu amashiti abhityileyo ngokwaneleyo ukuba angasetyenziswa ekusebenzeni okuphezulu kweebhetri zombuso oqinileyo zinokuthi ziqhekeke okanye zijike kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu abandakanyekayo kwinkqubo yokwenziwa kwemveliso.
Ukumisela iindleko zeendleko zokusilela okunjalo, balinganisa amanyathelo amane okusebenza abalulekileyo abandakanyekayo ekuhlanganiseni iiseli zeLLZO.Kwinyathelo ngalinye, babala iindleko ngokusekelwe kwisivuno esicingelwayo, okt umlinganiselo weeseli zizonke eziye zalungiswa ngempumelelo ngaphandle kokusilela.Kwi-LLZO, isivuno sasisezantsi kakhulu kunezinye iiplani abazifundileyo;ngaphezu koko, njengoko isivuno siyehla, ixabiso nge-kilowatt-yure (kWh) yamandla eseli liye landa kakhulu.Ngokomzekelo, xa i-5% yeeseli ezingaphezulu zongezwa kwinqanaba lokugqibela lokufudumeza i-cathode, iindleko zonyuka malunga ne-$ 30 / kWh - utshintsho olungenakuphikiswa luqwalasela ukuba ixabiso elijoliswe ngokuqhelekileyo kwiiseli ezinjalo li-$ 100 / kWh.Ngokucacileyo, ubunzima bokwenziwa kwemveliso bunokuba nempembelelo enkulu ekunokwenzeka kokwamkelwa koyilo olukhulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-09-2022